Physical
Structure of Cotton Fiber:
i. Cuticle: The
cuticle is the out side layer or the skin of the cotton fiber, which contains
some cellulose but accompanied by fat and waxes.
ii. Primary wall: Under the cuticle is the primary cell
wall composed of criss-crossed cellulose and also contains some pectin’s. The
criss-cross pattern of cellulose confers peri-pherical strength of fiber.
iii. Secondary wall: The secondary wall constitutes the
bulk of the cellulose component, which lies between the primary wall and lumen
of the fiber. The secondary wall of a matured fiber is practically pure
cellulose and probably represents about 90% of the fiber weight. It is composed
of two layers. S1 and S2 with a thickness of about 100nm.
iv. Lumen: The innermost part of cotton fiber is a hollow
cannel running the length of the fiber. It contains proteins, coloring matter
and mineral deposited on its walls. Depending on the maturity of the fiber. The
lumen varies in dimension over a range. Mature fiber may have so heavy
deposition of cellulose in the secondary wall which results in developing the
fiber. So fully as to leave a very little lumen at all. On the other hand an
immature fiber may contains so little secondary cellulose that the lumen is
wids and distinct.
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